Administrative Salary Hiring Trends for 2017

Hemingway :: essays research papers fc

Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), conceived in Oak Park, Illinois, began his vocation as an author in a paper office in Kansas City at seventeen years old. After the United States entered the First World War, he joined a volunteer rescue vehicle unit in the Italian armed force. Serving at the front, he was injured, was embellished by the Italian Government, and invested extensive energy in emergency clinics. After his arrival to the United States, he turned into a journalist for Canadian and American papers and was before long sent back to Europe to cover such occasions as the Greek Revolution. During the twenties, Hemingway turned into an individual from the gathering of ostracize Americans in Paris, which he depicted in his first significant work, The Sun Also Rises (1926). Similarly effective was A Farewell to Arms (1929), the investigation of an American emergency vehicle official's dissatisfaction in the war and his job as a miscreant. Hemingway utilized his encounters as a correspondent during the common war in Spain as the foundation for his most aggressive novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940). Among his later works, the most exceptional is the short novel, The Old Man and the Sea (1952), the account of an old angler's excursion, his long and forlorn battle with a fish and the ocean, and his triumph tragically. Hemingway - himself an incredible athlete - jumped at the chance to depict troopers, trackers, matadors - extreme, on occasion crude individuals whose mental fortitude and genuineness are set against the ruthless methods of present day society, and who in this encounter lose expectation and confidence. His clear writing, his extra discourse, and his preference for modest representation of the truth are especially successful in his short stories, some of which are gathered in Men Without Women (1927) and The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories (1938). Hemingway kicked the bucket in Idaho in 1961. From Nobel Lectures, Literature 1901-1967, Editor Horst Frenz, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1969 This life account/history was composed at the hour of the honor and later distributed in the book arrangement Les Prix Nobel/Nobel Lectures. The data is at times refreshed with an addendum put together by the Laureate. To refer to this report, consistently express the source as appeared previously. Chosen Bibliography Dough puncher, Carlos. Hemingway: The Writer as Artist. Fourth version, Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ, 1972. Bruccoli, Matthew J. (Ed.). Ernest Hemingway's apprenticeship: Oak Park, 1916-1917. NCR Microcard Editions: Washington, D.C., 1971. Bruccoli, Matthew J., and Robert W. Trogdon (Eds.). The Only Thing That Counts: The Ernest Hemingway-Maxwell Perkins Correspondence 1925-1947.

How to Create a Brand-new Market

How to Create a Brand-new Market Whenever a new business launches a product or a service, it can either enter an existing market or create a new one. The conventional and perhaps easier option is to develop products for an existing market, but there are plenty of lucrative benefits to creating a brand-new market instead. This guide will examine 1)  the benefits of creating a new market. We’ll also discuss the 2)  six different ways of finding new market spaces and provide you 3)  tips on launching a product in a new market.WHY SHOULD YOU CREATE A NEW MARKET?Before we start looking at ways to create a new market, it’s important to analyze the advantage of this approach for businesses.Creating a completely new market means you are the first mover, the world is yours. That can have its benefits to a business. Thinking outside the box shouldn’t be something a business should shy away from.The potential benefits of being able to create a brand-new market are impressive. Your business would be the first one to enter the market, which can provide it with a competitive advantage for years to come. Customers will learn to trust you as the “industrys first”.You can understand the pay off through the example of companies such as Netflix. The company, which started out, as a service to rent DVDs for a monthly fee, has been able to maintain its leadership position, even as the service it provides has changed from the original concept.If you manage to respond to a clear customer need with the product or service, while creating market entry barriers for potential competitors, you can dominate the market well into the future. It’s hard to see Netflix could lose its position to a competitor, without the competitor operating in a completely new market.In addition, the strategic thinking is different when it comes to breaking into an existing market vs. creating a new one.If you are establishing a new market, you aren’t focused on competing with existing players. Instead, your strategy is focusing on dominating the entire market from the early beginnings.On the other hand, if you are trying to enter an existing market, the focus is often simply on improving the product or service either through quality or functional improvements, or by targeting the cost aspect of the product. In ot her words, you are relying on pre-existing conventional wisdom of the market and the industry. Unfortunately, this can lead to competitive convergence.But when you are creating a new market, you are completely focused on creating a product or a service that provides real value to a customer. You aren’t developing the business idea within existing boundaries, but instead look to pursue real value innovation.Innovation can help in attracting consumers and exciting them with a new way of doing things. Consider the example of Home Depot in North America. The company managed to create a new market for DIY enthusiasts simply by looking outside of the traditional hardware store model.A great lecture on how to create a new market for your business. 6 KEY AREAS TO FOCUS ON WHEN TRYING TO CREATE A NEW MARKETYou should keep in mind six focus areas that can give you an idea how to create a new market.Examine substitute industriesOne of the quickest ways to create a new market is by examining substitute industries. This means creating a product within an existing industry, but which acts as a substitute of the main product.There are plenty of examples in the world of substitute industries.Think about butter and margarine, for example. Although the use of the product is the same, margarine created a completely new market. It substituted the use of butter, without destroying the butter market. Both groups still exist and there are different reasons for buying either product. When a buyer enters the shop to get spread for bread, they’ll make decisions based on the benefits and downsides of either option.Businesses tend to have a vertical mindset, where one industry is separate from another. But you can easily disrupt this thinking by examining substitute industries.Examine strategic groups within an industryYou can also find new market space by examining strategic groups within an industry.A strategic group is  a collection of companies within any specific industry, which use a similar strategy. Most industries have these strategic groups and they are typically ranked in a hierarchical nature. The hierarchy is often based on two dimensions: price and performance.Companies are generally focused on improving their position within a strategic group, either by focusing on price or performance. But if you want to create a new market space across existing strategic groups, you can do so by analyzing buyer decisions. What are the factors that make a buyer trade up or down within these groups?The fashion industry is a great example of an industry with strategic groups. You often have the higher priced haute couture brands grouped at the top, with lower-priced, yet higher volume brands below them. If you’d like to create a new market, you would have to look at the consumer trade off from moving from the haute couture market to the mass-produced fashion market.In the case of fashion, the answer is often based on the emotional value of the haute couture item . Consumers want an exclusive piece of clothing to stand out from the crowd.Hence, if a company wants to create a new market, it will have to analyze if there is a niche for a product that is not yet offered within the strategic group. That might be a product of superior quality compared to the competitors, or a product at a lower price.Identify a new buyer groupProducts and services tend to be designed with the target consumer in mind, but there are many products where there is no direct link from seller to buyer. Instead, there tends to be a chain of buyer groups, each making decision in a different way.Consider you are selling printers to offices. The end user of the product might be the corporate worker, but the product is not bought directly by the user. Instead, corporate buyers or the middle management is in charge. But the quality corporate buyers are looking for can differ from what the worker wants. The company is most likely looking for a long-lasting and affordable suppl ier, whereas the worker wants an easy to use and quick printer. The buyer groups have therefore different definitions of value.This typically leads to companies targeting a specific buyer group and targeting their value definition of the product. By challenging the industry’s conventional wisdom of the target group within a chain, you can create a new market. You’ll redefine the value proposition of the product.For example, pharmaceutical companies tend to focus on the influencer group, i.e. the doctors. They design products that appeal to doctors, instead of focusing on the user of the drugs. By turning the focus from doctors to patients, you could change the product or service design and open a door to a new market.Add complementary products or servicesQuite a few services and products in this world are not used on their own â€" they don’t exist in a vacuum. In order to use a specific product or service, you often need to take advantage of another one.For example, consider g oing on a holiday as a pet owner. In order to enjoy your weekend in the sun, you’ll also need a service to look after the cat. The ease of finding someone to look after your cat, not to mention the cost of it, can influence the value you place on going on the holiday.But the tourism industry doesn’t think about this â€" you don’t get a free pet care when you buy a holiday. But perhaps the industry should consider this, as the demand for the holiday might be less because people can’t find good and affordable care for their pets.There is plenty of value to be found by including a complementary product or a service to a service or product that is already being provided. In fact, it can create a completely new market space within the industry.Take for example French Fries and tomato ketchup. Would you want to eat French Fries without ketchup?Rethink the functional-emotional orientationWhen it comes to competition, different industries compete on different types of appeal.You hav e the conventional industries that often base competition on price and function. The calculations are based on the utility of the product, with products and services appealing to people because of rational reasoning.On the other hand, certain industries compete on consumer feelings. The competition is based on the emotional value of the product or service.But in reality, consumers don’t necessarily feel compelled to go after a certain product or service solely because of either type of reasoning.Decisions aren’t intrinsically rational or emotional. Yet, because companies are focused on treating customer expectations in either two ways, consumers tend to start thinking this way.But you could re-think this orientation and instead of focusing simply on the emotional appeal, provide functionality in a different manner or vice versa.Consider the example of Starbucks. The company turned a functional product, coffee, into an emotional experience. The coffee shops turned into chic place s to hang out before, during and after work. Instead of considering the price rationally, consumers are prepared to pay more for a simple cup of coffee, as long as they can enjoy it in a Starbucks cafe.Leverage external trendsEach industry is subject to external trends, which are constantly changing. Companies have to adapt to these changes and they’ve begun focusing on ways to protect the product or service. They are trying to predict the trends and develop the products in a way that keeps up with these shifting moods.But instead of trying to keep up with the trends, you can find new markets by looking across these trends. Instead of adapting to trends, you should try to participate in shaping these trends over time.This type of consideration can take place across different industries and it’s especially important in today’s high-technology world. For example, instead of waiting where the 3D printing will eventually evolve, you could look deeper into what shapes consumer valu ations in this field and adopt products and services that support these coming consumer needs.Finally, check out the video by Damir Perge, the founder of entrepreneurdex, on building a new market: 5 ESSENTIAL POINTS TO KEEP IN MIND WHEN LAUNCHING A NEW PRODUCTThe above six examples highlight the different ways companies can figure out new markets.Whilst the opportunities in creating new markets tend to be fruitful, you still need to be mindful about the dangers that could lie ahead.Before you launch a new product with the mindset of creating a new market, consider these five points.Organize a unique teamIf you hope to create a brand-new market, you need a solid and supportive team behind you. Creating a market is much harder than launching a product into an existing market â€" you need a team that understands the challenges.But instead of going after a team of “innovative wildlings”, you should create a balance between thinking outside the box and rational, consumer-focused thin king.The team should be able to innovate and consider an approach no one has thought of before, but keep a cool head whilst doing so. Not all ideas are worth the time and effort. After all, consumers are looking for value â€" whatever it turns out to be.Communicate your message clearlyThe key to cracking a new market is finding the right message. You are creating something new and consumers must be able to understand the “why” behind this idea. Essentially, you are trying to sell a product or service to solve a problem people didn’t know they had. If they did, there’d already be a market for it.Therefore, communication of this message is key to success. You need to make people understand that they have a certain problem and how your product or service is the solution.You aren’t necessarily selling an idea, but educating people over an issue. But you can’t do it in a patronizing or forceful manner. You need to make a problem seem essentially appealing in order to sell the solution.Understand your future competitionYou are entering the market as the first player, but if you are successful, other businesses will try to follow.  Although you don’t need to worry about competition immediately, you need to understand the competition you are going to face in the future.What are the companies that might follow you into the new market? You can understand it by examining your product or service and asking yourself:What are customers looking for with the product or service?What are some of the weaknesses your company has, which potential competitors can use as an advantage?What are the market entry barriers?Consider the way you can control or prevent new entrants to the market. Perhaps you can limit their impact by patenting your products. You might be able to limit the available market space by scaling up your products from the start.It’s important to understand future competition. You can’t be naive about it; first movers don’t always maintain a comp etitive advantage. Google, for example, wasn’t the first search engine, yet it became the dominant one by offering a better product than others.Leverage investor supportAs mentioned above, you shouldn’t be naive about the success you’ll have, especially when it comes to investor support. You shouldn’t approach investors with the mindset that you’re about to create a huge market and millions are going to pour in to buy your products. Obtaining a large budget isn’t necessarily going to guarantee success.This doesn’t mean you should turn down potential investors. You do need investment and you shouldn’t shy away from explaining your vision and goal. But you need to ensure you find the right investors and innovators.Creating a network of support is important and the main focus should be on attracting people who trust you as the industry leader, but who also keep your feet on the ground.Create unique marketing channelsSince the focus should be on getting the message acros s to consumers, marketing plays a crucial role behind the success. Companies looking to create a new market should understand the value of flexible and unique marketing channels.Don’t rely solely on traditional channels, as these can be expensive and difficult for outlining the message. For instance, mobile and online marketing are cost effective ways to reach audiences and to explain the vision clearly.You should embrace and target channels and people who are interested in your message. This means targeting:Retailers which are excited (whether it is chains or boutiques)Influencers such as bloggers â€" identify the people who could as the influencers within the market.Customers who are passionate about the product â€" encourage social media sharing and allow consumers to share the message.Creating a new market will take time. Therefore, you must be focused on building up the movement from the bottom up. This means priming the market even before you have started to create the buzz around the product.

Oscar Romero and the Role of the Catholic Church in El...

The Role of Romero vs. the Catholic Church: The Salvadoran Civil War The tragedies of the civil war in El Salvador brought focus to the many issues of oppression, under-representation, and inequality apparent amongst the Salvadoran working class during the later twentieth century. The outbreak of the war began much like civil wars in neighboring countries, consisting of the lower class demanding land and policy reformations, as elites feared the uprisings would result in socialist-geared politics that jeopardized their status. Amidst the fighting between the two social classes, the Catholic Church, as a whole, maintained a somewhat neutrality status and refused to publically support one group over the other. Thus, much opposition to the†¦show more content†¦Author Edward T. Brett argues that Romero had a very â€Å"prophetic approach [that] was a highly effective method of leadership during his three-year tenure of office† (Brett 717). He uses the term â€Å"prophetic† to refer to the similar ways in which Romero preached his se rmons to the underprivileged campesinos in order to also publically represent them, much like Jesus preached to the poor to represent the persecuted Christians. However, the term itself can be problematic because also like Jesus, Romero was tormented by his fellow bishops for catering to the needs of the poor. Not all bishops and clergymen at the time had captured the essence of liberation theology teachings and feared they were too radical to preach to the campesinos. However, Romero believed that the equality of Salvadorans was more important than their integration into the elite society. He focused many of his preachings on the need to put an end to violence and determine a right from wrong. In Romero’s last sermon, just before â€Å"he called for soldiers to refuse to obey orders,† (Wood 27) he gave special attention to the need to reinstall distinct human rights within a country in â€Å"its own exodus† (Romero 3) and that both groups alike should call for, â€Å"respect for the dignity of the person, hope for humanity’s common good, and the transcendence that look before all to God and onlyShow MoreRelatedOscar Romero Stood Up for the Poor and Troubled Nation of El Salvador551 Words   |  3 PagesÓscar Romero was a Roman Catholic priest that stood up for the poor and injustice in the troubled nation of El Salvador. In the early stages of his life, Romero had entered a boarding school for priests at the age of thirteen. Then he went to the national boarding school in San Salvador. He finished his studies at the Gregorian University in Rome, and was appointed a priest in Rome in 1942. Although Romero wanted to acquire a doctorate in theology, he had to go home to El Salvador in 1944 due toRead MoreOscar Romer: A Symbol for Citizens725 Words   |  3 Pages Oscar Arnulfo Romero y Galdamez was born in the year 1917 in the month of August on the 15th day. He was born to Santos Romero and Guadalupe de Jesus Galdamez. He grew up with six other siblings. Oscar Romero was born in the city of Barrio in El Salvador. Romero was baptized by Father Cecilio Morales at two years old. He went through a miracle at seven when he healed from an unknown illness. Oscar was so effective as an apprentice in carpentry that his father wanted him to learn more about itRead MoreEssay on Oscar Romero, Liberation Theology and the Catholic Church3831 Words   |  16 PagesOscar Romero, Liberation Theology and the Catholic Church In the post-World War II era, the globe was polarized by two idealistically divergent superpowers; the United States and the Soviet Union, two nations that strived to promote capitalism and communism, respectively, throughout the globe. Nowhere was this struggle more apparent than in developing countries with shaky political and economic backbones. Specifically, in Latin America the old, corrupt and often totalitarian regimes were threatenedRead MoreJustice in Romero Essay1239 Words   |  5 PagesJustice in Romero The influential and gripping film, Romero, directed by John Duigan, portrays the life and death of Archbishop Oscar Romero. The movie shows the world through the eyes of the El Salvadorian people during the 1980s, when poverty and military rule flourished over the people. The country of El Salvador was run by an elite group of few who controlled most of the power and money, leaving the majority of the people deprived and powerless. This imbalance in the social system leftRead MoreThe Conflict Of The Civil War1053 Words   |  5 Pagesamong the Salvadorians and ultimately led to a civil war. The Salvadorian Civil War was a tough time that brought out individual’s true spirits. Social justice issues remained the root caused, and therefore, induced participation from the Catholic Church, a church that took an oath to stand by its poor. I look to explore this complex time in Salvadorian history. A time where basic norms were turned upside down for all people. This time of st ate induced violence transformed ordinary people into veryRead MoreHow Living as a Christian Disciple May Influence the Lives of Christians Today1894 Words   |  8 Pageswith all your mind, and, Love your neighbour as yourself. (Luke 10 vs. 27) A person needs to be willing to give up luxuries in order to gain better things. For instance a Christian must give 10% of their total income to either a church or a charity. But the more essential factor is time. Time is more precious than rubies. Time must be taken out of your day to think about God or even the elderly lady next door who lives all alone. Your attitude towards people is veryRead More Religion in the World Today Essay5782 Words   |  24 Pagesrights activism in these countries can be traced back to the first Indian freedom- fighters against Spanish rule, over five- hundred years ago.† (www.amnesty.org) Even during the past history of civil conflict in countries such as Guatemala and El Salvador, people have demonstrated for basic human rights and personal and religious freedoms. Among the religious conflicts between the nations and its people, there is also a long tradition of persecution of the autonomy of individuals who defend humanRead MoreRise Of The American Sanctuary Movement1906 Words   |  8 Pagessupported and funded the El Salvadorian government — a military government that ran death squads in opposition to anti-capitalist rebel forces. The Salvadorian government, as a means of subverting communism through violence, killed and displaced tremendous numbers of civilians. The Center for Justice and Accountability, an American-based Human Rights NGO, estimates that the government-led death squads are responsible for the deaths of roughly 75,000 civilians (El Salvador: 12 Years of Civil War)Read MoreDiscipleship: Christianity and Jesus3114 Words   |  13 Pagesmisunderstand their role as disciples, and on many occasions, Jesus has had to correct them. In Mark 9:33-37, the disciples are arguing about who is the greatest disciple and Jesus has to tell them, If anyone wants to be first, he must be the very last, and the servant of all. Mark 9:35. It was here that Jesus taught his disciples the difference between greatness and humility, and that they were here on earth to serve others. Another example of the disciples misunderstanding their role is when JamesRead More Discipleship Essay3068 Words   |  13 Pagesmisunderstand their role as disciples, and on many occasions, Jesus has had to correct them. In Mark 9:33-37, the disciples are arguing about w ho is the greatest disciple and Jesus has to tell them, â€Å"If anyone wants to be first, he must be the very last, and the servant of all.† Mark 9:35. It was here that Jesus taught his disciples the difference between greatness and humility, and that they were here on earth to serve others. Another example of the disciples misunderstanding their role is when James

Airplane Descriptive Essay - 997 Words

My Obsession I remember back to when I was a child, in which I would constantly dream of flight and its characteristics of freedom and serenity. Throughout my younger years I collected miniature model airplanes of metal and plastic, longing to be the pilot of the real machine; this obsession continued until the day my grandfather introduced me to radio controlled flight. My grandfather and I visited his model airplane flying field where he effortlessly controlled a piece of machinery which my glowing 11 year old eyes watched in pure awe. The soothing whir of the propeller left me with a calm sensation and a peace that settled throughout my motionless body. Ever since then, I have endlessly been pursuing and achieving this same†¦show more content†¦The plane gracefully dances in the air, responding to every single slight movement made by my cautious fingers. I perform simple aerobatics gracefully, including loops, rolls, and inverted flight. To this point in time, I continue to experienc e the same adrenaline rush that was felt the moment I was handed the controller. When flying, I feel so free; I am the miniature pilot figure in the cockpit, spinning and turning with the aircraft every which way I control it to. Suddenly, my sweet escape into the blue vastness of the sky is interrupted by my transmitter, emitting a sharp beep, giving me the signal to land. I could not believe that ten minutes had already passed. It felt as though I had taken off no less than a minute beforehand. Cutting the throttle down to about half, I remember the same critical concept of taking-off into the wind applies for landing as well. The plane turns lazily as I bring it closer to me and drop the throttle setting down to its lowest setting. I hear the familiar purr of the engine at idle as it slows down to a crawl and approaches the runway at a near walking pace. The stable airframe slips closer and closer to the unfamiliar ground until it finally, reluctantly, touches down in the padded grass. I swiftly taxi the plane back to the car, and turn off the stillShow MoreRelatedTerwilliger Bunts One by Annie Dillard Essay739 Words   |  3 PagesDillard is an amusing, revealing essay in which the speaker, a woman in her twenties or thirties, tells the audience stories about her mother and her mother’s unusual personality. The ultimate purpose of the essay is to show by the mother’s various quirks and rules how her daughter is inspired to be her own person, stand up for the underdog, and to keep people on their toes, and to hopefully pass this lesson on to the audience. The speaker has written this essay in descriptive, comprehensive terms whichRead MoreThe Invasion, By James S. Hirsch1347 Words   |  6 Pages The explosion of racial violence that engulfed Tulsa, Oklahoma is arguably one of the worst cases in U.S. history. This essay will focus on the violence, economic destruction, social humiliation, and racial discrimination in Tulsa’s black community using the in-text essay, â€Å"The Invasion†, by James S. Hirsch. This history consists of the police actions to elevate the violence, and how white leaders attempted to maintain the status quo in Tulsa. Racial inequality during this period of time was immenseRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of George W. Bush s Speech1364 Words   |  6 PagesI found the speech to be ineffective. George W. Bush was president at the time of the 9/11 attacks, his speech started and ended efficiently with the appeal to pathos. Though its lack of logos overlooked this and made his speech unsuccessful. This essay will examine the President’s use of rhetorical appeals and how his speech was made for failure. In George W. Bush’s speech, he builds his credibility by connecting the audience’s shared values. One of those shared values are the uses of the pronounRead MoreThe Struggle of Life and War in Ernest Hemingway’s Writing 1071 Words   |  5 Pagesshort first paragraphs, and dynamic language, a style that would define his writing career. Hemingway is praised for his use of prose in many of his novels, particularly, A Farewell to Arms. Hemingway’s word choice is simple, yet incredibly descriptive, as in the opening paragraph of A Farewell to Arms: In the late summer of that year we lived in a house in a village that looked across the river and the plain to the mountains. In the bed of the river there were pebbles and boulders, dry andRead MoreHow Does A Middle Paragraph Differ From The Structure Of An Introductory Paragraph? Essay6292 Words   |  26 Pageswrite, longer paragraphs force the writer to think more, so that they will be able to cut out the parts that are unnecessary in the future. 4. In what way does the structure of a paragraph resemble the structure of a full essay? a. The structures of a paragraph and a full essay are similar because they both include a beginning, a middle, and an end. 5. What is the function of the first sentence in a paragraph? a. The first sentence in a paragraph is the topic sentence, which tells the reader aboutRead MoreGuns of August2668 Words   |  11 Pageseventually forces the ‘why’ to the surface.’† In this very little of the recent trends in historiography can be seen, except perhaps what Lawrence Stone referred to in his essay â€Å"The revival of narrative: reflections on a new old history† from Tosh’s Historians on History. Hers is a â€Å"single coherent story† the arrangement of which is descriptive rather than analytical. Its focus is on man not circumstances and it possesses a theme and an argument – the unfolding of World War One and its disastrous consequencesRead MoreFeminine Mystique12173 Words   |  49 PagesSupplemental Reading for US History 2 From Rosie to Lucy Questions students must answer in a 500-word (minimum) essay: 1) Describe the post-WWII frustrations felt by women such as Betty Friedan. 2) During the era of â€Å"Rosie the Riveter†, what gains did women make in the workforce? How did these women feel about themselves and their contributions? What did society as a whole think? 3) What role did mass media play during the 1950s and 1960s in regard to supporting or undermining theRead MoreDecision Theory: a Brief Introduction28334 Words   |  114 Pages.................................................5 1.1 Theoretical questions about decisions .........................................5 1.2 A truly interdisciplinary subject...................................................6 1.3 Normative and descriptive theories..............................................6 1.4 Outline of the following chapters.................................................8 2. Decision processes...............................................................................Read MoreLan-Based Reservation System for Hacienda Gracia Resort and Hotel11674 Words   |  47 Pagesand the data can only be retrieved for a month. 14 Definition of Terms The following are the conceptual definition of the terms used in the study: Reservation – An arrangement by which accommodations are secured in advance, as in a hotel or on an airplane. Guest – A party that receives or consumes services. Billing – Process of generating an invoice to recover sales price from the guest. Also called Invoicing Order. Hotel – A commercial establishment providing lodging, meals, and other guest servicesRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagesconstitute Chapter 5 was first read, and the Festival of the New Cinema (Pesaro, Italy), which organized the round-table discussion during which the last chapter in this volume was originally presented. The idea of bringing together a number of my essays in a single volume, thus making them more easily available, originated with Mikel Dufrenne, Professor at the University of Paris-Nanterre and editor of the series in which this work was published in French. He has my very warm gratitude. C . M. Cannes

Defined free essay sample

Names have power, and I believe that my name is one of the most powerful things about me. The purpose of a name is to define and identify someone or something, and my name defines me remarkably. My name reflects my diverse Puerto Rican and Irish heritage as well as many of the qualities and faults that I possess. It reflects my Irish endurance and perseverance that was needed for Irish immigrants to be successful in the United States as well as my Puerto Rican roots that are not apparent upon first sight. It highlights my quest to be extraordinary and find like-minded people that I can work with to achieve what was previously thought impossible. I do not ‘look like a Pablo’ but the contrast between my aesthetic characteristics and my name’s ethnic implication is irrelevant because my name describes who I am and have come to be. This incongruence between my name and appearance has caused many people to see me differently and has also shaped my opinion of the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Defined or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first time I ever really thought about my name and its implications was in the fifth grade. I was playing baseball for the local Police Athletic League (P.A.L.) team, and I was walking out to my position at third base to warm up. The other team’s second baseman was warming up in the outfield and asked me what my name was, and I told him that my name was Pablo. I just remember him laughing and asking again â€Å"No, what’s your REAL name kid,† as if it was a joke. I have struggled to accept the fact that I have mixed heritage, and I have finally come to come to terms with my identity. My name represents those who came before me and the struggles that they have faced to put their descendants at an advantage in future generations. In the past I have left out parts of my name to conform to society before I realized that society needs to conform to me; they need to accept my heritage and who I am. When I started high school, I was immersed in a culture where my skin tone was a minority, as the demographic of white students is 6%, however my Puerto-Rican heritage was not under-represented in my new environment. The paradox between my background and appearance did not matter for once because my name linked me to the culture around me. I had no need to describe my ancestry and defend my right to individuality here. I was not seen as the outcast, light-skinned boy in a group of dark skinned-students, but as another part of a functioning community. I saw my school as a second home, a place where my name didn’t cause raised eyebrows, laughing, or open mouths, but rather I was accepted for my mixed heritage. My name and ethnic identity will affect me forever, by continuing to describe and define me as I journey through life and influence people in the ways that I have been influenced, and I am proud to say that I am and always will be who I am.

Male and Female Sexuality Pre and Post Puberty free essay sample

The male and female bodies take different route when developing as the two genders add more years to their ages. This is because of the hormones that are being excreted, aiding development and altering changes in the physical, emotional and sexual well being of the body. Physically, most men are bigger and taller than women, often developing facial hair, pubic hair, acne, deep voices, broad shoulders and growth of penis. Females, on the other side are more emotional, have breast development, become more sensitive in some body parts, and go through monthly menstrual cycle. One is poised to ask if these development and changes in the human body come with an increase or decrease of sexual thoughts and/or if they remain constant over the years of a human lifespan. And if they are not constant, are hormones the only reason for the degrees of variation between male and female sexuality or do other external factors aid them? Many people believe that one begins to explore his or her body sexually when puberty sets in because of the sexual hormones that are being released at its peak at that age. We will write a custom essay sample on Male and Female Sexuality Pre and Post Puberty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because of this, people believe that human sexuality declines as one gets older because these hormones are released in very little amount that do not cause any sexual pleasure to the body. On the contrary, it is often believed that a child do not know or think about sex, but it has been observed that some children are fond of touching their genitalia when they are still infants and experience some kind of pleasure, even at a very young age. A research done states that it is part of normal development in these children to self stimulate themselves and up to one third of the children of this age group may be seen doing this sexual self stimulating act (Ratnakar, 2010). Since it is a normal development in children to self stimulates themselves, it is possible to state that both men and women think about sexual pleasure pre-puberty as much as they do after puberty. The role of puberty is to heighten the excitement of the sexual act and increase pleasure, but puberty is not the onset of sexuality. Sexuality—the capacity of sexual feelings—can occur at any age. A child and an older adult can both experience it, but at different levels. The difference, when it comes to puberty—which is the biological period where adolescents attain sexual maturity and are ready for reproduction—is the intensity at which that feeling can be experienced. This biological process may underline not only of the sexual attraction, but of cognition, emotions, motivations, and social behaviors as well (McClintock Herdt, 1996). Since sexuality is not affected by pubertal hormones because it can start very early in a child’s life, puberty becomes a vital developmental stage in one’s life because of the effect it has on sexuality. More so, there are two aspects of puberty that are important to male and female—pubertal status and pubertal timing (Peteren et al. , 1991). Pubertal status is the adolescent’s level of physical maturation while pubertal timing is whether the adolescent’s physical maturation is occurring late or on time. The level of sexual thoughts is the same for both male and female as the mature overtime. Another research shows that the relationship between sexuality and puberty may not be hormonal, but how male and female react to secondary sex characteristics (Zember, 2009). This means that in as much as the boys and girls are developing sexually in terms of puberty and the release of hormones, other factors can affect if they will engage in sexual acts or not. The environment or cultural influence can affect sexual behavior in both genders. If a child were raised in a society where sex is viewed in a liberal way, then such child would partake in sexual activity without any feeling of guilt as opposed to a child raised in a conservative society. Zember pointed out that hormones may enhance feelings of sexual arousal during and after puberty, but how girls and boys act on those feelings is very much determined by multiple internal and external variables combined. (Zember, 2009). If their friends are engaging in sexual act, then they are more likely to do the same and vice versa. Furthermore, research has shown that there is no decline in sexual participation when people get older. Because people do not talk about it does not mean they are not engaging in sexual act, which is healthy at any age. Testosterone is a major hormone in males and also important to women. This hormone helps build confidence, aggression, and motivation. In females, the estrogen is an important hormone that helps maintain youthful cell behavior. Decrease production of testosterone in males is called andropause and low level of estrogen in females lead to menopause. The production of these hormones decreases with age that may decrease sexual desire, but it does not have any effect on sexual thoughts and cravings. According to the American Psychological Association, events [such as old age] bring a dramatic shift in understanding and being aware of the human body (Zeiss, 2003). This means that in as much as the younger generation believes that the older generations are done with sex and pleasure, it is often untrue because the latter, as time progresses, begin to crave for more sexual attention. Medications, such as Viagra, come into play. It helps build up confidence and maintain sexual spurs for men. Men and women, regardless of their ages, want to be noticed and complimented regardless of their age. In as much as there is decline in the production of hormones as people age, it does not affect the need for sexual satisfaction. External factors, such as openness of one’s environment and also the people in one’s life can have a huge effect on their sexuality. For instance, for the little baby, self pleasuring himself or herself, if the parent encourages it, that child would grow up accepting his sexuality without any feeling of guilt and vice versa. Also, for a teenager or young adult, if the society frowns on expressive sexuality, that child will grow up being uptight about himself or herself, regardless of the hormones in the body. In addition, if they see their friends having sex, they are more likely to engage in the act. For older generations, who have been through infancy and adolescence, the challenge is about being open on sex and sexual pleasure. If two old couples still live together, away from their children and grand children, there is nothing wrong with them having sex. Age is not a barrier and hormones are not catalyst to aiding sexual thoughts. It is a personal experience and because it is personal; each person is different. There is no question that hormones help male and female become aware of their bodies more during puberty. But that awareness can become a liberal or conservative experience depending on the choice that one makes throughout their lifespan. In summary, it has been found that sexual thoughts are not hindered by age and are naturally propelled more by hormones. Researchers should focus more on how the mind works and if there are other organs or receptors in the body (like the brain) that trigger sexual thoughts. Also, it would be interesting to find out what early sexual experiences has any effect on the sexual experience of older people. For example, do older people who got into sexual acts at very young ages continue to do that when they are older or do they get â€Å"tired†?

Cheap Labour

Cheap Labour CHEAP LABOUR!!!Canada, the so-called land of opportunities. This statement is a known fact due to the large amount of people immigrating to our country. It all started back in the 50's and is still occurring in the 90's. I will be discussing the different working mentalities betweenFrench Canadians and immigrants coming from various parts of the world. I will compare 'Voiceless People' by Marco Micone, and White Niggers of America by Pierre Vallieres. White Niggers emphasizes on the mentality of French Canadian working class and Voiceless People emphasizes on immigrant's mentality towards working, which in this case is the Italian community.After reading 'Rivalry Over the Ethnic Minorities', it was like reading my own family's past when they immigrated in Quebec backin the early 70's. Many Greek immigrants who immigrated from their native country followed the same pattern towards finding happiness. Like most of the French, they worked long hard hours in bad working conditions and not so great pay.Place d'Armes in Montreal, historic heart of Frenc...These sweatshops represent the first act of action to climb up the social ladder. But for the immigrants, it meant much more: they have these jobs in order to save up some money for the future, by a nice house and reach the next step in social ladder. Most of the time, the immigrants would buy their home in other neighborhoods; they would change community because it reflected their new social situation. Because they have more money, they can move to an area where people of the same nationality live. They will leave the French back in the city where they will keep on working long hours because they never saved up or invested their money. The main point I'm trying to show is that the immigrants have a stronger ambition and desire to become more...

Everything You Need to Know About Having a Part-Time Job

Everything You Need to Know About Having a Part-Time Job Don’t want to work full-time but aren’t sure what the alternative is? If you’re not exactly certain what a part-time job entails, hours-wise, here’s a primer to what you might expect. The HoursEssentially, a part-time job is a position that offers you flexibility- of scheduling or decreased hours. The number of hours varies from company to company: anywhere from 5 to 35 per week. The company has the discretion here, as to what they consider part-time. It isn’t regulated by the Fair Labor Standards Act- and the ACA only differentiates full from part-time work (at 30 hours per week) for the purposes of health insurance benefit eligibility.The  OpportunitiesThere is a bit of stigma attached to â€Å"part-time† work, making it seem as though it isn’t real work, but there are many professional gigs that fall under the part-time umbrella. It’s not just retail and hospitality either! It can be particularly useful for stay-at-home par ents, students, retirees, and any other workers who prefer not to have the time commitment of a full-time position.The PerksIt’s even occasionally possible to start with part-time employment and transition into full-time work at that company, if you play your cards right- making part-time work a useful way to get your foot in the door somewhere.It’s also possible to gain access to benefits- though not as extensive as full-time packages, and not universally.If you think part-time work might be an ideal situation for you at this stage in your career, try looking for positions that have flexibility and at least some baseline benefits. And remember, what works for you works for you. Don’t worry about what anybody else thinks.

Describe the difference between religion & magic, giving examples of Essay

Describe the difference between religion & magic, giving examples of each. (Give 2 + examples each.) - Essay Example It’s made up of different norms or practices agreed upon and practices by a society. In contrary to magic, a religion is usually accepted and followed devotedly and mostly act as a guidance that contains a moral code governing the conduct of a community. Religion can also be well explained through consideration of its essential characteristics; religious belief, unity of a society of the same faith and finally religious practices and belief (Frazer 38). As indicated by sociologist, religion is not just monotheistic, some religions for example Confucianism recognize no gods at all while others practice polytheism, that is, believe in many deities. Contrary to Adam and Eves story in the Bible, religion is not necessarily a revelation of origins of creation. Not all religions have similar myths of origin though they still fit within the correct definition of a religion. It is, therefore, correct to say that religion is a set of moral norms and principles concerning rules regulating behavior of its believers and sacred. All religion to a greater extent shares at least same features. For example, most religions embrace an individual responsible and is considered to specialize in religious practices (Frazer 41). Christianity and Islam are some of the example of religion. Magic, on the other hand, can be defined as the art that claims to influence or foresee natural events (Frazer 5). It mainly works by invoking the supernatural. Magic is, therefore, performed through superstitious practices and behaviors intended to cause a predetermined or desired end. Magic does require a general agreed set of beliefs or practice upon which its practice is derived as compared to religion. It can be real or manipulation of natural events to attain the desired outcome (Frazer 10). Some religions however incorporate a bit of belief in magic, especially those that arose from traditional practices. An individual who performs magic is assumed

Case study for MGMT306 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

For MGMT306 - Case Study Example nclude hamburgers, milkshakes, cheeseburgers, various types of desserts, chicken, different soft drinks, breakfast items, seasoned fries and French fries. One of the key problems of McDonald is the issue of cultural differences. Being a global company, McDonald focuses on recruiting competent and talented individuals who have the potential and ability of improving on their sales volume. However, the company faces such challenges of cultural differences since its employees come from different cultural backgrounds. Thus, providing an equal training for such employees on how to execute their job roles is challenging for the company. Nevertheless, the company has allocated adequate resources to ensure that it manages the issue of cultural shift effectively. In this, McDonald ensures that it hires labor that is characterized of cultural background of its business environment. Cultural differences among nations also influence how McDonald applies is strategic approaches of attaining business success. Thus, cultural values, which include eating habits, gender perspectives, communication modes, dress codes and religion, dictate how business operations have to be conducted in a given country. McDonald has realized the need of taking into consideration of the cultural values of each business location in order to overcome the issue of cultural shock. As such, the company ensures that it aligns its business strategies with cultural values and practices of the community in which it has to conduct its business activities. Inflation is factor that influences business activities of all international companies. McDonald is one of these companies, which incurs challenges of changing currency rates and inflation in some of its countries where it has established branches. Thus, the company experiences problems in management of its revenues since they shift based on the currency variation among countries. To address this, McDonald ensures that it aligns its pricing strategy with

Cell and Voice Over Internet Protocol Research :: essays research papers

Cell and Voice Over Internet Protocol Research Our contract is coming up for renewal from Nextel our current provider of cellular service, and SBC our local and long distance landline service. I will research three cellular service and Voice over the Internet Protocol providers (VoIP). By looking at three of each will give a good idea of what is out there and what trends of services to expect. For cellular, I will choose a phone to increase our work force productivity that cannot be done with our current type of phone, and find a plan that can meet our changing needs. For VoIP, pricing plans and equipment included. Finally I will give my conclusion on which companies to go with and why. Cellphone Providers Cingular phone   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  BlackBerry 7100g Features: Built-in Speakerphone, Bluetooth capable, Polyphonic speaker and downloadable ring tones, Downloadable games and graphics, Blackberry handheld software, and Quad-band world phone operates on 850/1900 and 900/1800 MHz GSM/GPRS networks (http://onlinestorez.cingular.com/cell-phone-service/cell-phones/cell-phones.jsp?source=INC230056&_requestid=50674). Clingular plans Nation 1000 FamilyTalk w/Rollover – 79.99 first two lines, 14.99 per additional line this package comes with 1000 anytime minutes, nights and weekend is unlimited, mobile to mobile is unlimited. Nation 1500 FamilyTalk w/Rollover – 99.99 first two lines, 14.99 per additional line this package comes with 1500 anytime minutes, nights and weekend is unlimited, mobile to mobile is unlimited (http://onlinestorez.cingular.com/cell-phone-service/wireless-phone-plans/cell-phone-plans.jsp). Nextel phone BlackBerry 7520 features: Walkie-Talkie Services, Speakerphone, Color display (65K colors), Group Connect Walkie-Talkie, Multimedia Messaging Service, Direct Talk - The Off-Network Walkie-Talkie, Web and Email Capable, Ring Tones, Applications & Games, Adheres to Military 810F Spec (http://nextelonline.nextel.com/NASApp/onlinestore/en/Action/DisplayPhones). Nextel Phone Plan Nextel National 1000 has 1000 monthly minutes for 55.99, the night and weekend minutes are unlimited direct connect is included. (http://nextelonline.nextel.com/NASApp/onlinestore/en/Action/DisplayPlans) TMobile phone The BlackBerry 7100t is the first of its kind--a full-featured mobile phone that delivers the power of BlackBerry e-mail. This is one sweet little phone, loaded with all of the cool features you want, like integrated Bluetooth ® connectivity, speakerphone, and downloadable ringtones. Moreover, surf the Web the way it was meant to be with an ultra-large, high-resolution color screen (http://www.tmobile.com/products/overview.asp?phoneid=246167&class=pda). T- Mobile phone plans The FamilyTime plan is 69.99 a month with 1000 whenever minutes, and the weeknight and weekends are unlimited (http://www.t-mobile.com/plans/FamilyTimeRatePlanDetails.asp). Voice over the Internet Protocol What is VoIP/Internet Voice?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  VoIP allows you to make telephone calls using a computer network, over a data network like the Internet. VoIP converts the voice signal from your telephone into a digital signal that travels over the internet then converts it back at the other end so you can speak to anyone with a regular phone number.

K D Logistics

K D Supply Chain Solutions Pvt Ltd www. kdlogistics. co. in Campus Pre Placement Talk KD Supply Chain Solutions Pvt. Ltd. To be most efficient and effective Third party logistics Provider in India†¦.. Our Vision Efficient: ? Productivity. Effective: ? Quality, Flexibility, Service level. efficient and effective ? Cost Minimization. ? Profit maximization. ? Supply Driven ? Demand (Customer) ? Doing Things Right. driven To be most efficient and effective Third party logistics Provider in India†¦.. Services†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦THIRD PARTY LOGISTICS WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION SERVICES CUSTOMISATION CENTER OPERATIONS ORDER MANAGMENT SERVCICES WAREHOUSE CONSTRUCTION DIVISION Services†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ THIRD PARTY LOGISTICS > > > > > > > > > > > Inventory management Pick and pack operation Dispatch planning Invoicing Collection Quality control and audit Material handling Document management Stock audits Cycle counting Reverse Logistics Services†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ WAREHOUSE MANAG EMENT SERVICES Every client has a different requirement from its supply chain and we strive to meet that need as closely as we can.Customization is possible for: > Automated operation with racking > Temperature controlled > Raw material handling > Finished good handling > Energy saving and environment friendly Services†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ TRANSPORTATION SERVICES ? Primary Transportation. ? Secondary Transportation. ? Home delivery system. Services†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CUSTOMISATION CENTER OPERATIONS ?We have dedicated and specialized team operating product customization and intermediate packaging system. ? This team focuses on managing client’s inventory by eliminating transporting time to the packaging facility ?These centers assembles products to suit local market down stream supply chain channel requirements. Services†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ WAREHOUSE CONSTRUCTION DIVISION ?We have established ourselves in the construction of warehouses to suit clients' needs and specific requirements. ? We have developed our own Logistics Park spanning 1. 5 million sq. ft. We are the first 3PL to be to create own infrastructure at Bhiwandi (near Mumbai), Mandideep (Madhya Pradesh) and Gurgaon (NCR). WAREHOUSE CONSTRUCTION DIVISIONSpecial feature: Bhiwandi Logistics Park ? Strategically located and very close Mumbai city touching NH3 ? Racked PEB structure ? State of the art logistics park with a floor strength of 4mt per sq mtrs ? Column less span of 150 feet which facilitate seamless movement of goods with in the facility. ? Exclusive parking facility for more than 100 vehicles. ? Separate entry and exit point for all warehouses. ? Seamless IT connectivity ? Uninterrupted power supply Important Statistics Revenue Logistics- INR 80 Cr †¢ Owned Warehouse Space- 15 lac sq feet †¢ Warehouse space maintained by KDL – FMCG – About 35 lac sq. feet – Retail – About 15 lac sq feet Summer internship -2013 What are we looking for LEADERSHIP OWNERSHIP TEAM PLAY ER DESCISION MAKER Summer internship -2013 What is there for you †¦ †¢ An opportunity which give you ownership. †¢ An opportunity which give direct interaction to our clients. †¢ Exposure to supply chain sector. †¢ An opportunity to explore your entrepreneurial instincts. We†¦. Just started

Social Theory and Karl Marx - 1012 Words

Karl Marx introduces theory materialistic in society. Karl Marx makes this theory aid to form equality between societies and have a better life of society. In Karl Marx era, his founds that huge gap in society between bourgeois and workers. Bourgeois enjoy the fruit of labour while workers contribute labour. Bourgeois introduce material forces of production based on Marx terminology that include capital, land and labour, whereas social relations of production refers to the division of labour and implied class relationship. In addition, the owner makes their huge profit by paying worker less than their work worth. Max told that totality relation of economic structure form shape of superstructure of society. Other than that, owner exploit†¦show more content†¦Each department will divide the employee into 2 sub group that has different break time. Different break time is to ensure the transistor productions non-stops, aligned to the theory by Karl Marx which is material of forc e production. This material force of production explains that production is more important and the product belongs to owners. My supervisor for marking department is old Malay guy that can understand a little of Myanmar language, with his help I understands my job for a bits. My nieces also work inside the same factory. With her helps, I was being transfer into others department that have higher majority of Malaysian citizens. My new department is known as pengasingan. Each individual have their own target transistor to produce each month. Thus, I must take seriously this job, need more focus and don’t have time to speak to the next person. If a person do not achieve their target and cause transistor damage, person will get warning letters and need to face supervisors. This action leads to alienation during division of job. There also some cases of Myanmar employee that salary being cut because almost 2 month did not achieve her target. The entire operator also being monitor by CCTV that always being watching by the japan owner of factory. Thus the person that caught makes mistake such as extra break time or play around during work time will be call into theShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx s Theory Of Social Class2099 Words   |  9 PagesBeyond the centric study of social classes, Karl Marx has also contributed other works in his field of communism in which everything he focused on was all around and bri dged to social classes. In Marx’s mind, standard of living, economy, exploitation, and alienation are all listed in the category of social class that â€Å"class differentiation becomes for Marx the decisive factor in the formation of the body politic† (Avineri, 1968, pg. 25). By referring to the liberal economy, Marx was neither the pioneerRead MoreSocial Theories of Karl Marx and Maw Weber789 Words   |  4 Pagestoday that can relate back to the concept theories that Karl Marx and Max Weber formed many years ago. Although there are too many for us to go further in depth on, I chose to primarily focus on Racism and Classism. With the perspectives of these theorists in mind I can explain how Racism, Classism, in conjunction with Feminism are among the largest social problems human beings face in the world today. Both theorists have different theories of the social concept Classism, however they are not thatRead Morekarl marx-theory of social change1102 Words   |  5 Pages theory of social change Marx s focus on the process of social change is so central to this thinking that it informs all his writings. The motor force of history for Marx is not to be found in any extra-human agency, be it providence or the objective spirit. Marx insisted that men make their own history. Human history is the process through which men change themselves even as they pit themselves against nature to dominate it. In the course of their history men increasingly transform natureRead MoreKarl Marx s Theory On Social Class902 Words   |  4 PagesKarl Marx was a German academic that studied history and philosophy, and while at the University of Berlin he joined the Young Hegelians; a group of radical philosophers who believed history was driven by intelligence and reasoning and human society progressed through dialectical change- following the beliefs of Georg Hegel (Appelrouth and Edles, 2012, p21). Most of Marx’s work was based on the interests of the working class, which proceeded on to one of his main theories being on class, which liesRead MoreMarxism Is Based On The Social Theories Of Karl Marx And Friederich Engels1445 Words   |  6 PagesMarxism is based on the social theories of Karl Marx and Friederich Engels and has evolved and adapted to take into account the way that society functions today. It states that social change is determined by the economy and describes the relationship and the conflict between the ruling class (the Bourgeoisie) and the working class (the Proletariat). Marxism describes how society is biased purely to benefit of the ruling class and examines the exploitation of the working class. There are lots ofRead MoreThe Correlations Between Karl Marx s Social Conflict Approach Theory And Bullying1895 Words   |  8 Pagesbetween Karl Marx’s Social Conflict Approach Theory and bullying. It defines and gives examples of the theory, bullying and its multiple forms, as well as using an article provided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP): Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, a government funded website dedicated to help educate people about bullying, its forms, and how to stop it, and lastly a study website created by a teacher or professor that explains, defines, and outlines Marx’s Social ConflictRead MoreKarl Marx: Conflict Theory Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesKarl Marx: Conflict Theory The most influential socialist thinker from the 19th century is Karl Marx. Karl Marx can be considered a great philosopher, social scientist, historian or revolutionary. Marx proposed what is known as the conflict theory. The conflict theory looks at how certain social interactions occur through conflict. People engage in conflict everyday to gain more power then others in society. Karl Marx is known for studying the conflicts that occur between different classes. KarlRead MoreKarl Marx And Max Weber1324 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx and Max Weber were influential sociologists that paved the way for modern sociological school of thought. Both, Karl Marx and Max Weber contributed a lot to the study and foundation of sociology. Without their contributions sociology would not be as prominent as it is today. From the contribution of how sociology should be studied, to how they applied their theories to everyday life has influenced many sociologists. Predominantly, both of these theorists’ discussed the effects of capitalismRead MoreKarl Marx And The German Political System1427 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx was born on May 5th 1818 in Trier, Germany, which was then known as the Kingdom of Prussia. Karl was a philosopher, e conomist, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His work in economics laid the basis for much of the current understanding of labor and it’s relation to capital, and subsequent economic thought. He was born into a wealthy upper middle-class family. He attended school at the University of Bonn and later he studied law and philosophy at the University of BerlinRead MoreConflict Theory926 Words   |  4 PagesConflict theories are perspectives in social science that emphasize the social, political or material inequality of a social group, that critique the broad socio-political system, or that otherwise detract from structural functionalism and ideological conservativism. Conflict theories draw attention to power differentials, such as class conflict, and generally contrast historically dominant ideologies. It is therefore a macro level analysis of society. Karl Marx is the father of the social conflict

A Report From The International Business Machines Corporation

According to a report from The International Business Machines Corporation, known as IBM, 90% of the data in the world has been generated in the last two years. Frank J. Ohlhorst (2013) explains how the concept of collecting data for use in business is not new, but the scale of data that has been collected recently is so large that it has been termed Big Data (p. 1). Company executives who choose to ignore Big Data are denying their companies an advantage over their competitors. Big Data analysis is fundamental for all fields of work; it provides an insight to large amounts of data that will answer questions and make discoveries to improve efficiency in all areas of the world. In the economic world, factors of production include land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. Companies consider these four components necessary for success, but in order to survive in today’s competitive field a fifth factor must be considered: information. Information provides both a responsibility and an opportunity. It is collected and then studied in a process called data analysis. Data analysis is defined by Frank J. Ohlhorst (2013) as â€Å"a way to develop intelligence that can drive decisions, find relationships, solve problems, and increase profits, productivity, and even the quality of life† (p. ix). Data analysis discovers masses of information and facts hidden in large amounts of unstructured data. The world is gaining an enormous amount of valuable and useful intelligence thorough the dataShow MoreRelatedMarketing Plan For A Company1177 Words   |  5 PagesThey serves many kinds of product that changing our and our world. I am writing a report about a n IT related Company. The Intention of this report is artistic plans in company and how they achieved their goals. To achieve this goals they give many benefits to their employees to motivate them. Also they give priority to their clients demand. Methodology: I have collected all the Information about this Company from Internet and I have finished my research on show to them how they are getting moreRead MoreEssay on Sweatchop in Indonesia600 Words   |  3 Pages consumer’s awareness also increases regarding business’s ethical issue. This then make some type of business, especially International Business; have to be careful in their business’s conduct because each country has different standards and different rules also regulations concerning business ethics. There are 3 ethical factors that become the main consideration for the company in their business activities which covers profit, people and planet. Although a lot of developments have been made in rulesRead MoreBenefits And Disadvantages Of The C Corporation1675 Words   |  7 Pagesstarting a business, you have many decisions to make; who to hire, where to locate, how to get customers and where to start. But, one of the most important and overlooked decisions is how to protect yourself. Going into business involves risk, but certain risks can be avoided or, at least, minimized. One of the easiest way to protect yourself is to choose the right business entity. There are four basic choices for forming a business. These options are sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation or limitedRead MorePotential Stakeholder Decision : Wal Mart1111 Words   |  5 PagesChristopher Mauldin Potential Stakeholder Decision: Wal-Mart Org 530-Business Ethics and Sustainability Professor Klein CSU Global December 7, 2014 Introduction Company shareholders play a large role in the implementation is monitoring of a company’s CSR plan. Wal-Mart is arguably the world’s biggest retail chain. In almost every country in the world, Wal-Mart his been under fire many times as it regards business practices and treatment of employees. First, Wal-Mart’s sustainabilityRead MoreRecycling Feasibility Study Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesDate: February 25, 2012 To: Alicia Pena, Chief Financial Officer From: Carolyn Haynes Subject: Recycling Feasibility Report for the Greening Corporation Starting a Companywide Recycling Program This is a feasibility report specifically complied for The Greening Corporation. John James, President of the Greening Corporation wants to start a recycling program. This report will assist, Alicia Pena, their Chief Financial Officer by providing research and recommendations for startingRead MoreRisk Management Plan Proposal986 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Brad’s Drink† or Pepsi Cola as it is called today (Pepsistore.com, 2012). By 1898 Caleb Bradham bought a trade name of â€Å"Pep Cola† from a competitor who had gone out of business. On December 24, 1902 the Pepsi Cola Company was incorporated (Pepsistore.com, 2012). 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Having spent a respectable amount of time at Starbucks this evening I have come to the conclusion that Starbucks that the best place to start is to focus on the learning and growth perspective. Starbucks is a â€Å"premier roaster, marketer and retailer of specialty coffee in the world, and â€Å"formed in 1985† (Starbucks Corporation, 2013, p. 2). When you are premier, marketing, or specializeRead Mo reIncome Statement Presentation of Unusual Loss964 Words   |  4 Pagescompany controller at the Cranor Corporation. They manufacture medical equipment, including x-ray machines. The company has been operating with consistent income growth for a decade. Unexpectedly, in 2013 they experienced the problem with the company’s new line of machines. The machines had a flaw in design and had to be recalled. The management acted fast to fix the design flaw and upgrade quality control procedures. However, the recall of the new line of machines resulted in $10 million loss andRead MoreCompany History And Top Leadership1111 Words   |  5 Pagescompany’s website did not relinquish information on the founders, further research provided the names of three young businessmen. Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl and Gordon Bowker started operations in Seattle by selling coffee beans and coffee making machines (â€Å"History of Starbucks,† 2014). In 1981, Howard Schultz became the dir ector of operations. Howard was fascinated by the coffee industry, and a year later took a trip to Italy to gain further insight on the operations of coffee shops. When Howard

Personal Statement Curse Words - 1290 Words

Emotional: Became angry around family (as evidenced by him speaking loudly at Richard for interrupting his conversation about sexual partners with Dwayne). Behavioral: used curse words as a normal aspect of his dialogue. Discussed his life with a lot of detail to his family (such as when he explained to his grandson about the idea that he thinks he should sleep with many women and not just one woman). Spiritual: Edwin does not mention whether or not he had a religious preference. Developmental Factors: Richard and Sheryl have been married for over 15 years and they have been noticing lately that they have been fighting more (verbally) about various issues that they see within their marriage, such as financial trouble and Richard’s†¦show more content†¦She performs her daily functions as a mother, and was going to take time off of work so that she could drive Olive to her beauty competition. While Frank shows dedication and commitment to his occupation and program (him working for years to try and get his program published), his occupation is putting strain on his relationship with his wife (as seen in the fights that took place around the topic of Frank’s occupation). Olive seems as if she is happy with her current role. She was excited about the pageant that she entered (she ran around the house screaming) and worked every day on her routine for the competition. She also takes her role as daughter, sister and granddaughter seriously as well. The grandfather did not seem to be happy with his current social roles. He spoke on multiple occasions about how great the retirement community that he lived in was and how he wishes he could live there, instead of with his son. Community Engagement, Recreation Leisure: It is unclear as to how regularly the family participates with their local community. By Olive running in beauty pageants for the local area and the state, the family is thus able to be involved with wider community. The family described to the worker their daily schedules and it seems as if most days the family has little to no time for leisure and recreation. They used to go on camping trips as a family in the summers as a form of recreation and leisure, but they haven’t been camping in a fewShow MoreRelatedThe Native American Spirit Quest Of A Half Indian Foster Child By Sherman Alexie896 Words   |  4 Pagesbecomes more comfortable with his identity, he reveals that his real name is Michael (pg. 111). Cussing is another way Zits uses his language to reveal how he is feeling. Zits explains, â€Å"I think it’s strange how curse words frighten and disgust people† (pg. 14). He believes that â€Å"every word only has the power and meaning you assign to it† (pg. 14). Zits differentiates between what he considers â€Å"little cusswords† such as â€Å"dick and shit† and â€Å"big cusswords† such as â€Å"cock and cunt and motherfucker† (pgRead MoreAnalysis of Sophocles Oedipus the King1110 Words   |  4 Pagesof the oracles message and made a personal plea for information leading to the capture of the murderer. Then he made his own prophecy as to what he would personally do to aid the capture of the cause of Thebes plague. In the following 20 lines, Oedipus then went on to prophesize about the discovery of his own past actions, his fate and what would ultimately turn out to be his own future. 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Those components are the thesis statement, transition sentences, and the structures or tone of the essay. In the essays, â€Å"Shitty First Drafts† by Anne Lamott and â€Å"How Not to Say the Wrong Thing† by Berry Goldman and Susan Silk, the authors describes effective ways to process and analyzeRead More The Songs of Experience - Explication of London Essay1043 Words   |  5 Pagesmoral degradation of London is coming into plain sight in the form of physically impaired children. nbsp; The first stanza of the work functions as a thesis. Here the author plays with the word Charterd (ln.1 amp; ln.2). The meanings vary in the dictionary, but all pertain to Blakes use of the word. Charterd is the condition of not only the streets of London but also of the citys greatest asset, the Thames River. While chartered might mean liberated, in the tone of this work it moreRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Letter From A Birmingham Jail991 Words   |  4 Pagesbrings out the most affecting and sentimental emotions than any other paragraph throughout the entire letter. It is also in this paragraph where he has the longest sentence throughout his whole letter. King states his personal reason for the need of social change. He uses his words in such a way that it really affects the reader and creates a feeling of sorrow and melancholy. King explains that the white community puts off helping the black community because they do not feel the agonizing pain thatRead MorePaper Cuts Is A Poem Written By Poet, Michael Faudet, In1281 Words   |  6 Pagesspeaker immediately addresses an assumed individual. Although it is not known for sure, we will assume that the speaker is a â€Å"he† and is addressing a â€Å"she† for the sake of conversation. The word â€Å"tore† does not come off as passive, but rather evokes emotion and anger. In contrast, if Faudet had used a more passive word in place of â€Å"tore apart† such as; â€Å"You dismantled†, the line would have much less vigor. In the second line the speaker addresses a paper heart. â€Å"Paper Heart† sounds a bit like a clichà ©Read MoreEssay on The Power of Women in Richard III1491 Words   |  6 Pagesown discourse of religion and superstition. In the opening speech of Act 1, Scene 2, Lines 1-30 Lady Anne orients the reader to the crucial political context of the play and the metaphysical issues contained within it (Greenblatt, 509). Lady Anne curses her foes, using strong language to indicate her authority. She speaks in blank verse, by which she utilizes imagery to emphasize her emotions and reinforce her pleas. 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The theme of â€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night,† do not give up and die but rather fight until the bitter end, in short it is all a statement about man’s mortality. The poem is written in the closed form called a â€Å"villanelle.† This form is ideal for poems with a somber, emotional, or thought provoking theme. The careful repetition of the two echoing refrains and the flow of the rime pattern

Chapter emerging market Free Essays

string(43) " return they will get from the investment\." Among the most significant risks are political volatility, economic policy volatility and also legal risks. Firms entering emerging markets must understand the risks and take necessary action to mitigate the effect of those particular risks. 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Chapter emerging market or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2 political volatility Despite the demonstration and free market orientation process among emerging market countries, some of them particularly the one that just achieved independence, is having an election, or governs by corrupt individual or political party are susceptible to political risks. Multinational companies that invest In this little country are exposed to risks such as military coups, civil war, mass labor strikes, violence street protest, or erratic changes In government policy and Industry regulations that pose a threat to foreign Investment. Among the political risks associated with emerging markets are: Although the barrier to trade in most emerging markets have fall, and most of these countries are now enjoying greater stability and experiencing steady growth, these emerging markets remain vulnerable to political risks that usually started inside the country itself and was largely beyond the control of investors. Extreme nationalism and religious fundamentalism as evidence in countries like Indonesia, Pakistan and India further contribute to the problem. Different in ideology and oppression from the current government also contributes to political volatility. Russia for example is still having an uncertain future direction as politics is unpredictable due to ongoing power struggles between reformers and the old-line communists. If the political clout could not be solved peacefully, then there is a potential for a civil war. Sir Lang is an example of a country that has been experiencing a civil war. There is a power tussle between the two ethnic groups, the Ginghams that currently forms the government of the country and the Tamil. Tamil guerrillas are fighting for and independent Tamil state. There has been an intense fighting since 1994 with more than 70,000 people have been killed in the war. 3. 2. 1 Corruption and cronyism Another serious issue associated with emerging markets is corruption and cronyism. Corruption refers to dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery or the abuse of a position of trust for dishonest gain. Most emerging markets in fact are always associated with corruption. Brazil for example suffers lost of unbelievable USED 60 billion to corruption and fraud in connection with government and social programs between the periods of 1990 to 1994 [1]. Even Malaysia is having the same problem as reported by the Auditor General on the issue of very serious leakages in government agencies expenditure. Second Finance Minister has made a media statement dated October 26, 2009 that the government billions of dollars lost due to leakages that involved in purchasing and procurement t the extreme pricing and do not meet the specifications and standards. Local newspaper, The STAR on October 26, 2009 also reported that this leakage resulted in losses between ARM 14-28 billion over a period of one year. Cronyism refers to the appointment of relatives and friends to positions of authority, without proper regard to their qualifications or an individual who was able to exploit connections with the government or private officers to gain wealth and economic position. In Philippine, cronies controlled key sectors, including the sugar and coconut industries and media, ND got state loans, lucrative contracts and concessions under the 31 -year-rule of Ferdinand Marco’s who was ousted in 1986. In Thailand, Thai politicians depend heavily on business support during election. Patronage politics, particularly in the countryside, boosts both political spending and the cronyism mentality of asking favors from the powerful. The prostitution and drugs trade has also corrupted many officials and police force of the country [2]. 3. 2. Fight against drug cartel Another problem that has an impact on political aspect of emerging countries fight against drug cartel. In recent years, the Mexico drug cartels have waged increasingly violent battles with one another as well as with the Mexican government. Upon taking office in December 2006, Mexican President Feline Cauldron deployed thousands of federal troops in an aggressive crackdown on drug-related violenc e. Yet death tolls continue to rise. There were more than 2,500 drug-related deaths in 2007, and the yearly toll rose to more than 4,000 by the end of 2008. Murders and street gun battles are only part of a more entrenched problem that includes corrupt police forces and a lackluster Judiciary [3]. 3. 2. Territorial claim and possible war In some region, there is a tense relationship between emerging countries with its neighboring country due to multiple territorial claims among countries. If a peaceful solution could not be reached through peaceful negotiations, there will be potential for war between these nations. This is evidence at the Sprat’s Islands at South China Sea. The area consists of more than 100 small islands or reefs, surrounded by rich fishing area and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunet has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef but has not made any formal claim. In June 2011, the tense situation in Sprat’s Islands amplify as the Philippines complains that Chinese ships offloaded building materials and erected marker posts on reefs to the west of its island of Palatal, within Manila’s exclusive economic zone. Political volatility is hard to quantify due to broad characteristics of each emerging markets. What the managers could do is to anticipate upcoming changes in the political aspect of the nation and formulate timely, successful strategies in the face of sudden changes and uncertainty. This is critical because political situation will have a direct impact on investment, decision-making, and corporate performance. Every market has it risks so businesses need to ensure that the risk worth the return they will get from the investment. You read "Chapter emerging market" in category "Papers" 3. 2. 5 Social Unrest The current people uprising in emerging market countries of the Middle East such as Egypt, Jordan and Bahrain cause a growing concerns among investors who has already invest or thinking of investing into emerging markets. One of the factors that increase the possibility of social unrest is an increase in food and fuel price due to depleted resources and inflation. The high price of food is thought to have been one of the catalysts of the unrest in Tunisia, which led to the ousting of Zing al-Abiding Ben Ala as president in January 2011. Other reason that makes people revolt includes corrupt leader and government, change in tax, economic and fiscal policy that affect daily life, UN-fair election, high unemployment etc. Figure 2 shows the level of lattice and social risk of every country, based on a report produced by the Royal bank of Canada in 2011. Among the emerging market countries, China, Egypt, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia is listed as high risk countries, together with Colombia. India, Russia, South Africa, Jordan and Turkey are among the medium risk countries while Mexico, Bahrain and Thailand are considered as moderate. Other emerging countries with low political and social risks according to this report. 3. 3 Economic volatility The second major risks associated with emerging markets are the level of economic volatility. Economic growth may be high, but crises are frequent, as the Asian crisis of 1997 demonstrated. Emerging countries’ economies are highly volatile due to frequent changes in institutions, industry structure and the macro-economy. Both the political and economy actually have a huge impact on one another, and firms can anticipate risks in the future if any of them become volatile. Among the element that brought economic volatility includes currency risks, expropriation risks, and foreign debt crisis. 3. 3. Currency risks Although there is an increasing trend towards liberation’s of international payment ND transfers, there is still a concern among businesses that there could be a change in policy. Even emerging market countries have the tendency to influence the exchange rates. In some cases, the government will try to peg it’s currency to a single currency such as a US dollar to stop aggressive drop in the country’s currency value especially during financial crisis. Figure 2 shows how the exchange rate of Asian countries dropped significantly during the Asian financial crisis. The Koala Lump Stock Exchange (KEELS) had lost more than 50% from above 1,200 to fewer than 600, and the ringing had lost 50% of TTS value, falling from above 2. 50 to under 4. 57 on Can 23, 1998) to the dollar. The then premier, Tune Dry. Mathis Mohammad imposed strict capital controls and introduced a 3. 80 peg of Malaysian ringing against the US dollar. 3. 3. 2 Expropriation risk One of the economic policy related concern among the investors was â€Å"expropriation risk†, which refers to the possibility that host governments would seize all foreign- owned assets. This risk however has largely disappeared. Stronger international law and the symbiotic nature of growth in emerging and developed economies reduced set seizures to nearly zero during the sass. A 2009 survey by the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency and the Economist Intelligence Unit found that multinational enterprises considered breach of contract, restrictions on the transfer and convertibility of profits, civil disturbance, government failure to honor guarantees, and regulatory restrictions all to be more significant risks than the potential seizure of assets [4]. Emerging market countries policy of attracting foreign investment into their country foreign investors should be wary of any change in political and economic situation, gather with regulatory uncertainty can make the expropriation action possible. Even in the communist country like China, the government has never confiscate any foreign assets since 1978 when the country officially launched its so-called ‘open door’ policy, unless the asset in question specifically compromises China’s national security. 3. 3. Foreign debt crisis Foreign debt crisis is external debt incurred by governments of emerging markets generally in quantities beyond the governments’ political ability to repay. â€Å"Unplayable debt† is a term used to describe external debt when the interest on the debt exceeds hat the country’s politicians think they can collect from taxpayers, based on the nation’s gross domestic product, thus preventing the debt from ever being r epaid [5]. Emerging market countries have traditionally borrowed from the developed nations to support their economies. In the sass such borrowing became quite heavy among certain developing countries, and their external debt expanded at a very rapid, unsustainable rate. The result was an international financial crisis. Most of the time, government with high level of debt will have to re-vamp its financial policy to accommodate debt payment. Countries such as Mexico and Brazil declared that they could not keep up with the schedule of interest and principal payments, causing severe reactions in the financial world. Cooperating with creditor nations and the MIFF, these countries were able to reschedule their debts and delay payments to remove financial pressure. But the underlying problem is not really solved as developing countries were saddled with staggering debts that totaled more than $800 billion in the mid-sass. The large debts created huge problems for the developing countries and for the banks that faced the risk of substantial losses on heir loan portfolios. Such debts increased the difficulty of finding funds to finance development. In addition, the need to acquire foreign currencies to service the debt contributed to a rapid depreciation of the currencies and to rapid inflation in Mexico, Brazil, and a number of other developing nations. Even emerging market in Asia such as Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Pakistan, India etc. As shown in Figure 4, also facing a serious problem with foreign debt. The wide fluctuations in the price of oil were one of the factors contributing to the debt problem. When the price of oil SSE rapidly in the sass, most countries felt unable to reduce their oil consumption quickly. In order to pay for expensive oil imports, many went deeply into debt. They borrowed to finance current consumption?something that could not go on indefinitely. As a major oil importer, Brazil was one of the nations adversely affected by rising oil prices [6]. Figure 3. : Foreign debt among Asian countries 3. 4 Legal risks The possibility of investing in emerging markets by Macs will increase if the legal system in the country is reliable and always give fair decisions. Contract will only be void. In sass, many South East Asian governments in their effort to attract foreign investors offered contracts that protect investors from risks related to lower than expected demand, currency conversions, exchange rate and political force measure. The Asian financial crisis in 1997 brought those investors’ favorable treatment into sharp relief as currency values, share prices, and electricity demand all plummeted. Political officials had to choose between honoring the contracts, at the risk of compromising their own popular support, and renegotiating them in order to maintain that support. In the end, many career minded public officials in Southeast Asia chose to renegotiate or cancel scores of contracts. Even when contracts can be legally enforced, experience shows that inventive politicians can circumvent them, through a wide variety of means other than changing laws [4]. Another example is when foreign investors involved in oil and gas industries in countries such as Transmitted, Gyrations and Astrakhan, which is a newly independent countries of a former USSR regime. Even though the contract seems to put them on favorable terms, the possibility that firms will face a breach of contract ND other regulatory problems is high. Another legal issue that always arises is when some emerging market countries have laws that limit the amount of profit firms can take out of the country, which means that company might make a huge amount of profit by doing business in the country but may be prohibited from taking the whole profit back to the home country. 3. Minimizing the risks There are many options available for companies in Minimizing the risks when investing in emerging markets. They are: 3. 3. 1 Thorough political and economic risk analysis Multinational firms should carefully evaluate the emerging market country’s political ND economic risks before deciding whether to do business there or not. Nowadays, there are vast indicators, statistics and political analysis paper published and publicly available for review. This is the best source for count ry’s information that can help decision making. However, there are some emerging market countries that are less transparent and access to accurate economic or industry statistics may not exist at all. In this case, firms might not have the information and expertise to do the analysis by themselves. Then the best option is to, employ a consultant service firm who have the expertise in inducting the analysis. 3. 3. 2 Protect the investment with political risks insurance Political risk insurance is a type of insurance that can be taken out by businesses, of any size, against political risk. Political risk insurance is available for several different revolution, insurrection, civil unrest, terrorism or war; Governmental expropriation or confiscation of assets; Governmental frustration or repudiation of contracts; Wrongful calling of letters of credit or similar on-demand guarantees; Business Interruption; and Inconvertibility of foreign currency or the inability to repatriate funds. 3. 3. Involve host country’s government in the business Government equity participation either through the relevant government agencies or through Government Related Companies (Gels) can bring a lot of advantage to firm and to the government itself. This can be done in various ways such as by creating a new Joint venture company with both parties have a percentage of shares in it, or through strategic alliances and consortium. By having the government itself as partner, firms may find it easier to obtain the license, get full support from the government, reduce the risk of expropriation and even improve company’s goodwill mongo the people. 3. 3. 4 Have a Joint venture or alliance with local company. The objective of having cooperation with local company is almost similar to having the relationship with the government as discussed previously. Some other benefit for Macs when they cooperate with local company includes firms can share the knowledge of local company about the trend, taste, preferences and culture of the local people. Both parties will also share the costs and risks of doing business. At the same time, Macs can benefit the local company by having a knowledge and technology transfer, besides sharing the experience of Macs. 3. 3. Conduct a proper scenario planning when making the entry decision. Scenario planning refers to the process of visualizing what future conditions or events are probable, what would be the consequences or effect of it and how to respond to, or benefit from it. For example, when a pharmaceutical company starts to develop a new compound it does not know if these typically very large investments will generate any benefit in the future. So, success is dependent on many factors; internal factors such as the skills and knowledge of researchers and developers, and external influences such as technology trends, demand and price developments. In order to do that, they have to tap into tacit information that is already available within or outside the company and to convert it into knowledge about possible future scenarios and options the Risks associated with investments into intangibles, especially of investments into the strategy and in the product innovation chain of a company, are much higher than in traditional industrial physical asset type of investments. But on the other hand the upside is often unlimited. Businesses which are engaged in R and continuous product and market innovations must find ways to limit the downside, the risks, and o boost the upside in order to fully leverage their investments and to generate value for investors and other stakeholders. Scenario planning is a very good method to do that and to limit especially large strategic risks. Figure 5 shows finding of a study on what is the best tools to mitigate the effect of risks in four major emerging markets; Russia, India, China and Brazil (Also called BRICE countries). How to cite Chapter emerging market, Papers